2/18/2024 0 Comments Beyonce and jay z apeshit videoEgyptian goddess Nefertiti was the singer's inspiration for her costume seen during the opening of her Coachella performance. In her video for Hold Up, she notoriously channeled Oshun, an ancient goddess native to Nigeria and throughout west Africa who worshippers in the Ifè religion still pray and extend offerings to this day. Visuals seen in Lemonade and her costumes from her Coachella performance are all native to Africa. The use of the work for the Magna Carta Holy Grail album, which is Jay-Z's 12th album at the peak of his career, could be representative of his own personal transformation.īeyonce, on the other hand, often opts to unite art and religion. The work, which is informed by the story of two nymphs in Greek mythology, is housed in New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art and famously symbolizes metamorphosis. Jay-Z took it to the next level in 2013 for the album art for Magna Carta Holy Grail with a more literal arts influence: he took inspiration from Battista di Domenico Lorenzi's sixteenth century sculpture Alpheus and Arethusa. The outcome was fitting for how legendary the album has become. The gilded album art was designed by Riccardo Tisci and embroidered with a range of customized motifs. An early example of this is Watch the Throne, a joint album Jay-Z released with Kanye West in 2011. In recent years, both Beyonce and Jay-Z merged their taste for fine art into their visuals and costumes. While all roads have led to Apeshit, a global presentation of the most iconic art sharing the spotlight with the world's most iconic music artists, the Carters have had a long fascination with ancient art and religion. This is neither Beyonce or Jay-Z's first time blending art with their musical endeavors. Instead, it's a more nuanced commentary on their marriage and the state of the world entirely. But for the Carters, filming at the 225-year-old institution could represent more than the couple's knack for extreme luxury and bragging rights. Since the video's premiere, the meme keepers of the Internet have been at work cementing just how explosive the visuals were, even for the music world's most famous couple. While the collaboration may have seemed inevitable-the couple released their first single together in 2002 performed a joint world tour in 2014 and are currently on their On The Run II tour together-no one, not even the BeyHive’s most devoted followers, could have predicted what was to come in the album's first video.Īpeshit, a hard-hitting track produced by the Carters and Pharrell Williams, was filmed inside the Louvre in Paris, the largest and most revered art museum on earth. Beyonce and Jay-Z shook up the world Saturday with the surprise release of their joint album Everything is Love.
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2/18/2024 0 Comments Octave pedal vst macLoad up Serum and we think you’ll be able to notice both what you hear (solid high frequencies, extending flat all the way up to the limits of hearing) as well as what you don’t hear (no unwanted mud or aliasing gibberish- just good, clean sound). 20.00 Add to cart VINTAGE OCTAVER Octaver 82 is an analog simulation of the BOSS® OC-2, classic monophonic octaver of the early 80s. It's based on the popular Boss OC-2 pedal, but with many more features and customizability far beyond what other octavers offer. In Serum, the native-mode (default) playback of oscillators operates with an ultra high-precision resampling, yielding an astonishingly inaudible signal-to-noise (for instance, -150 dB on a sawtooth played at 1 Khz at 44100)! This requires a lot of calculations, so Serum’s oscillator playback has been aggressively optimized using SSE2 instructions to allow for this high-quality playback without taxing your CPU any more than the typical (decent quality) soft synth already does. OC-D2 is an octaver plug-in that generates a signal one and/or two octaves below the original. Many popular wavetable synthesizers are astonishingly bad at suppressing artifacts - even on a high-quality setting some create artifacts as high as -36 dB to -60 dB (level difference between fundamental on artifacts) which is well audible, and furthermore often dampening the highest wanted audible frequencies in the process, to try and suppress this unwanted sound. Artifacts mean that you are (perhaps unknowingly) crowding your mix with unwanted tones / frequencies. Without considerable care and a whole lot of number crunching, this process will create audible artifacts. Playback of wavetables requires digital resampling to play different frequencies. My Eyes Only feature is specifically made for keeping your snaps secure. Snapchat is a popular messaging app and it is built by a team of professionals. No, it is not possible to bypass Snapchat security and access My Eyes Only data if you forgot your passcode. Below we have answered all these questions – Can you bypass My Eyes Only passcode? You might also have some questions in your mind like where how can your bypass My Eyes Only, where does Snapchat store your snaps, etc. Here are some general FAQs related to My Eyes Only passcode and recovering your deleted photos on Snapchat. FAQs about My Eyes Only photos and passcode Like the previous one, this method also doesn’t work when it comes to recovering deleted snaps from My Eyes Only. There you may find the cached data of your snaps. So basically, what you have to do is to open any file manager app on your Android phone and go to Android > Data > cache folder. This works on Android only as it gives you access to view hidden data in Snapchat folder. Can you recover deleted Snapchat pictures on Android?Īnother method which claims to recover deleted pictures from My Eyes Only is by recovering them from the cache saved on Snapchat folder. It contains other data such as login history, account information, user & public profile, snap & chat history, purchase & shop history, memories, friends, location, search history, bitmoji, etc. Let us make this thing very clear that downloading My Data on Snapchat can’t help you to recover your snaps from My Eyes Only. You will find information on the internet saying that this data also contains your snaps saved in My Eyes Only and if you have forgotten your passcode, you can use this method to recover your deleted photos and videos. After logging in to your account and requesting data, Snapchat will send a mail on your registered email address containing a link to download your data in ZIP file. You can request Snapchat to download all your account data from My Profile > Settings > My Data. Can you recover deleted photos by downloading My Data? My Eyes Only is protected with a strong security and even Snapchat team don’t have access to view your passcode and data saved in it. As for the last one, if you contact Snapchat team to recover your passcode, they can’t help you in any way. We have discussed about first two methods in detail below. Contaction Team Snapchat to recover your old passcode.Recovering deleted photos from the cache saved on Snapchat folder on Android phone.Recovering deleted snaps by downloading My Data on Snapchat.There are few other methods you will find on the internet which claims to recover your deleted photos and videos on Snapchat such as – If you do it afterwards, then all your data will be gone. Please note that you can only do this before resetting your passcode. You can simply try hard to remember your passcode or enter some known numbers to unlock My Eyes Only. All your snaps are deleted permanently and unfortunately, there is no way you can recover them. If you forget your passcode and you have reset it, Snapchat will delete all photos and videos from My Eyes Only. How to recover My Eyes Only photos on Snapchat Please note that changing your passcode will not delete snaps or photos from your My Eyes Only as it was in case of resetting your forgotten passcode. Finally, click on Finish button to finish the setup.Confirm changing your passcode – Just tick the circle icon to accept the terms and conditions and then tap the Continue button.If you want to create a more strong password with a combination of letters and alphabets, then you can use passphrase feature. Re-enter it again to confirm in the next screen. Next, enter a new passcode you want to create for your My Eyes Only.Just swipe your screen to go there or tap on it to jump directly. Go to My Eyes Only tab – This is available to the rightmost side.Go to Memories – For this, swip up from the camera screen or tap on the snaps icon just before the camera button.Open the Snapchat app on your iPhone or Android smartphone.This step-by-step guide will show you how to do this – As for the verification purpose, you will have to provide your Snapchat password and then you can create a new passcode for My Eyes Only. You can easily reset your passcode with this option if you forgot it. Snapchat provide some options on the My Eyes Only lock screen. How to reset My Eyes Only passcode on Snapchat Alternative way to hide your private photos & videos.How to recover deleted Snapchat Memories?.Does My Eyes Only has password attempt limit?.FAQs about My Eyes Only photos and passcode.Can you recover deleted Snapchat pictures on Android?.Can you recover deleted photos by downloading My Data?.How to recover My Eyes Only photos on Snapchat.How to change My Eyes Only passcode on Snapchat.What happens when you reset your passcode?.How to reset My Eyes Only passcode on Snapchat. 2/18/2024 0 Comments Spider solitaire 2 suits rulesThe computer will deal a total of 44 face-down cards, 5 into each of the first 4 columns and 4 into each of the remaining 6 columns. Usually, when a column is said to be either closed or used, the implication is that it can not readily be vacated. The process of placing a suited run into a vacant column is typically called either closing a column or using a column. Typically, this process is called emptying a column, vacating a column, clearing a column, or opening a column. The process whereby the player purposefully moves cards to cause a column to become empty is an extremely important activity of the game. While technically, a pile can not exist without at least one card, many refer to an empty column as an empty pile, or even an empty slot or an empty space. A column containing at least one card can be said to be non-empty, non-vacant, closed, filled, or used. A column is an area where cards normally reside within the tableau, and a pile is a group of one or more simulated playing cards within a column.Ī column that contains no cards can be said to be empty, vacant, clear, free, open, or unused. While many refer to a column as a pile, there is a distinct difference between the two. Game areas: The tableau (1), The stock (2), The foundations (3) Columns and piles While this area is not technically necessary, it helps the player keep track of their progress. The foundation is where assembled suits are displayed. However, for a deal to succeed, there must be at least one card in every column. To deal cards to begin a new round, the player clicks in this area, which causes 10 cards to be dealt face-up into the tableau, one into each column. The stock is where the undealt cards are kept. Each column is simply an area where a pile of cards is usually situated. It's sectioned horizontally into 10 equal-sized unmarked areas called columns, sometimes referred to as slots. The tableau is the in-play area where most of the action takes place. While it's not at all necessary to know the names of these areas to play the game, it does make it easier to understand some aspects of the game. The table can be broken up into three basic areas, the tableau, the stock, and the foundation. Many players report not winning any games at the 4-suit level. The more suits in play, the more difficult the game is to win. The 1-suit level may be referred to as the easy level, the 2-suit level as the intermediate level and the 4-suit level as the hard level, also called the advanced level. While there are four distinct suits, the game may be played with either 1, 2, or 4 suits. It is assumed that the reader is familiar with such playing cards. Each card has a suit and a rank and a deck consists of a complete set of each of the 52 unique cards. There are 13 unique ranks: the king, the queen, the jack, the ten, the 9, the 8, the 7, the 6, the 5, the 4, the 3, the 2, and finally, the ace. Basic Terminology Playing cardsĬards have four distinct suits: hearts, clubs, diamonds, and spades. In order to explain them in more detail, it's easier to also explain the layout of the game and define some basic terminology. If you’re unable to make any more moves and you run out of extra cards in the deck, the game is over.The rules of Spider Solitaire are easy to learn. Play continues until you’re able to organize all of the cards into sequence piles, at which point you win. Whenever you get to the point where you’re unable to make any more moves, take the leftover deck of cards and deal 1 card face up on each column. Once you’ve created a sequence of face up ace through king cards, move the sequence to its own pile above the columns. You can move multiple face up cards within the same column as a stack. If moving a face up card exposes a face down card, the face down card can be flipped face up. Face up cards can be moved onto other face up cards in a different column as long as the card being moved is one rank lower than the card it’s been played on. The goal of the game is to organize all of the cards in sequences ascending from aces to kings. Flip the top exposed card on each column face up. There should be 6 cards in each of the first 4 columns on the left, and 5 cards in each of the other 6 columns to the right. Deal 10 columns of cards face down in front of you. To play Spider Solitaire, first you’ll need to shuffle together 2 standard decks of playing cards. 2/18/2024 0 Comments Genogram legendsIt is a format for drawing a family tree displaying the family information for at least three or more generations. The genogram is a tool to collect information on the family’s structure and caregiving patterns over time. In this case, genograms and ecomaps can help gain information about context, perspective, and frame of reference for families.(ecomaps and genograms) Genograms in Family Assessment However, health providers must develop the necessary skills to understand a patient’s family frame of reference to make accurate decisions about the patient’s healthcare. When working with families, there is often limited information and understanding of the family’s frame of reference. In this case, family ecomaps and genograms are essential tools that can help identify a person’s family history to identify underlying factors that may affect their health outcomes. However, health is highly influenced by a range of factors, such as family genetics, community lifestyle, and medical histories, which can lead to rapid changes in an individual. But unfortunately, most people feel that health is a highly controlled factor that can be controlled through a healthy lifestyle and regular checkups. Health is one of the most significant aspects of today’s society. YouTube.7 Working On an Assignment With Similar Concepts Or Instructions? Background of Ecomaps and Genograms A new pop-up window will appear, allowing you to import your files. Go to the library option on the sidebar and click on the import icon. If you do not find your required symbol, you can also import your unique symbols from file formats such as SVG, VSSX, etc. Find genogram symbols quickly from EdrawMax Online>Symbol Library> Family Tree>Genogram.ĮdrawMax Online has a comprehensive symbols library for genograms, including basic, medical and emotional health and relationship symbols. You can use this EdrawMax Online easily using the following tips to save time and effort.ġ. The medical genogram symbols are used to show medical conditions such as age, cause of death, hereditary traits, disease, and any additional information that can be used to assess disease risk.ĮdrawMax Online is a premium drawing software with comprehensive symbols, an easy-to-use interface, and an exclusive collection of pre-designed templates. These specific genogram relationship symbols are color-coded to represent the different aspects of emotional coordination and connection. Color-coded lines and family genogram symbols represent the type of relationship.Ģ.3 Genogram Emotional Relationship SymbolsĮmotional relationship genogram symbols describe the emotional bond between two family members. You can show whether a couple is married, engaged, divorced, or separated. A union makes a family unit which later extends by adding more dynamics and/or more members. Immigration is a double wave symbol above age.įamily genogram symbols describe the union of two members. Location and annual income go above the age.Ī rectangle represents significant institutional connection.Ī person who has lived in more than two cultures has a wave symbol above the age. Gay/Lesbian goes with an inverted triangle inside the main member symbol. The birthdate is written on the above left of the member symbol.Īn 'X' through the member symbol shows that the member is dead, and the date of death goes on the upper right of the symbol. Gender: A male is a square, while a circle represents a female. The inside of the symbol shows the age and related attributes of the member in question. The date of birth goes above the box, and the name is underneath. Every person is shown as a specific genogram symbol, e.g., a male member is a square, a female is a circle, and a pet is a diamond. They represent gender, birth, age, pregnancy situation, immigration, sexual orientation, etc. Genograms are used in risk assessments, counseling, medical history and treatments, therapy, research, and many other fields.īasic genogram symbols show the critical and personal information of a person. It is important to understand that knowledge of accurate symbols is critical because the value of a genogram is based on using the right genogram symbols. Genograms help users to depict complex family dynamics, emotional aspects, and relationships in a family very precisely and accurately. Then there are emotional relationship symbols that show the depth and emotional connection in a relationship which eventually leads to the correct diagnosis of the involved persons' emotional and psychological health. Family and relationship genogram symbols represent marital and relationship status with color-coded lines. Genograms are composed of standard genogram symbols that visually show basic information like gender, birth, age, etc. You don't even need to sign in to host your video on our website. Kapwing gives you the exact website code needed to embed the video. After processing, click Embed to copy the embed code needed to put the video directly into your HTML code. Important: If your website or app is child directed, you must self-designate your site or app using these tools, as required by the YouTube API Terms of Service and Developer Policies, even if you embed YouTube videos with the Privacy Enhanced Mode player. To embed a video on your website, upload it to Kapwing, make any edits you want, then Export. Im working with a site where the developer coded an embedded youtube video to change via a script altering the iframes src tag.Privacy Enhanced Mode is available only for embedded players on websites. For use in applications, use a WebView instance of the embedded player. When the employee chose a video to watch, the javascript paused the video player, updated the SRC attribute with the new URL and then loaded and started playing the video.For network administrators: You will need to add to the firewall allowlist.Change the domain for the embed URL in your HTML from to.In addition, the view of a video shown in the Privacy Enhanced Mode of the embedded player will not be used to personalize advertising shown to the viewer outside of your site or app.Īs a reminder, the YouTube API Terms of Service and Developer Policies apply to the access and use of the YouTube embedded player. Use border:none to remove the border around the iframe. Always include a title attribute (for screen readers) The height and width attributes specify the size of the iframe. Copy and paste the snippet into the HTML of the destination website. Paste the URL to the Code Configurator and click the 'Get Code' button to generate your embedded video player code. The src attribute defines the URL of the page to embed. Pick the URL of a Facebook video you want to embed. If you can find a workaround to the restrictions from the same-origin policy, you maybe can select the real audio or video element inside the iframe and mute that. An iframe does not have an audio API, so you can't mute anything using JS on that element. If ads are served on a video shown in the Privacy Enhanced Mode of the embedded player, those ads will likewise be non-personalized. The HTMLTwo things are at play here: quality of writing, and quality of writing with quality information. Feed ChatGPT your poorly constructed text and-voilà!-AI will make you sound like a college professor with a PhD who has published 100 books.ĭoes it work? Are these breathless, panicky assertions true? One of the things that some people find appealing about artificial intelligence (AI) programs like ChatGPT is that they may help people generate writing that is far better than what they could produce themselves. These are breathless, panicky assertions. It has a bold title: The College Essay Is Dead. I found another article in The Atlantic, this one by Stephen Marche (December 6, 2022). As a researcher, writer, and college professor, this got my attention. The arrive of OpenAI’s ChatGPT, a program that generates sophisticated text in response to any prompt you can imagine, may signal the end of writing as a gatekeeper, a metric for intelligence, a teachable skill. Barring outright plagiarism, students have always arrived at that moment when they’re on their own with a blank page, staring down a blinking cursor, the essay waiting to be written. For as long as those shortcuts have existed, however, one big part of education has remained inescapable: writing. CliffsNotes date back to the 1950s, “No Fear Shakespeare” puts the playwright into modern English, YouTube offers literary analysis and historical explication from numerous amateurs and professionals, and so on. Teenagers have always found ways around doing the hard work of actual learning. I first heard of ChatGPT in an article in The Atlantic by Daniel Herman, “The End of High-School English” (December 9, 2022). NOTE: I am periodically updating this article with new information about artificial intelligence and the trombone as it becomes available. Whether you're recording, experimenting, or simply having a tuneful time, our AI-generated voices are here to amplify your musical journey. Elevate Your Sound Today! Ready to let your voice revolutionize your music? Voicemod's AI singing voice generator is your gateway to a world of sonic innovation. Download, choose your AI-generated voice, and let your creativity flow – we handle the tech, you own the spotlight. Voicemod's AI singing voice generator offers an intuitive interface that gets you creating in seconds. Seamless, User-Friendly Magic No complicated setup, just pure musical magic. Your voice becomes the ultimate instrument of your imagination. This web app allows you to generate voice audio from text - no login needed, and it's completely free It uses your browser's built-in voice synthesis technology, and so the voices will differ depending on the browser that you're using. There are four steps that you need to follow to use this app. After arranging these things, open Text to Speech Reader and follow the steps below. Voicemod's AI singing voice generator lets you shape your sound like never before. Also, you have to install any web browser to open it. Your Voice, Your Musical Canvas Break free from the ordinary and explore a symphony of genres with your transformed voice. The platform allows users to change the pitch and tone. From simple navigation to voicemail transcription, Voice makes it easier than ever to save time while staying connected. Elevate solos, experiment with genres, and create a sound that's uniquely yours. MyEdit is a free online voice changer that is capable of making simple edits to audio using the browser. A Voice number works on smartphones and the web so you can place and receive calls from anywhere. Voicemod's AI singer generator is your constant companion, always in tune and ready to follow your lead. Pitch-Perfect Harmonies, Effortlessly Imagine never needing backup vocalists again. Transform your singing experience without spending a dolar – our free AI voice generator is your backstage pass to a world of musical possibilities. Unleash innovation in every note with Voicemod's AI voice generator. As the leading community for online voice changing we are also working to advance the field of AI by allowing our users to contribute their processing power to advance our AI technology. EaseUS VoiceWave is a powerful yet free voice changer designed for anyone who enjoys changing voice online or offline. Modify your voice, select one from the Voice Universe or clone any voice you want. Have your friends join the party by showing them how fun and easy it is to download this Google Meet/Google Hangouts voice changer.Elevate Your Music with AI Singing Voice Generator! Download now free real time voice changer for pc. See who has the better singing voice with the help of our voice changer. Step 3: Enter the text you want to convert into the provided text box. Step 2: Select the voice in the 'Kids' tab on the left. Just type your text and click the Create. Perhaps you can even have a funny virtual karaoke contest. Step 1: Go to the TopMediai text to speech. The software allows you to change the voice in real time, which is perfect for relaying online games or performing Just Chatting sessions. Convert text to audio for free 20 times with the Narakeet Text To Voice Generator. Ideal for gamers, streamers, and good old-fashioned pranks, we provide diverse voices that meld effortlessly into your favorite apps. Are you having a co-worker virtual party? Congratulate them on a job well done with the voice of a former or current president. Voice Changer in Real-Time for Free Switch Your Pitch: Be anyone, anything, anytime Why be locked into a singular vocal range With our software, flip from emulating a celebrity's persona to sounding like a robot. Are you a fan of superhero movies? Re-enact different scenes with our list of fan-favorite voices. Do you like to gossip? Spill the tea with our comedic voices. Toggle through our wide selection and find new creative ways to make everyone laugh. With our app, you can change your voice each time you are on a video call without any restrictions. Voice.ai offers you a variety of user-generated voice voices, from very well know famous people to less known ones. Experience the future of content creation with Speechki. Effortlessly create realistic voice clones online and convert your text into high-quality audio content. Discover the convenience of AI Realistic Voice Clone with Speechki. TTSMaker is a free text-to-speech tool and an online text reader that can convert text to speech, it supports 100+ languages and 100+ voice styles. Plenty of Voice Characters to Choose and Experiment WithĬhange up your video calls with our free voice changer for Google Meet and Google Hangouts. Speechki AI Voice Cloning: Instant Clone in Minutes. 2/17/2024 0 Comments Qr code generator free no sign upWith these features, you can use QR Codes for broader use cases, such as campaigns across marketing collateral or even direct mail to track open rates. Ability to download in high-resolution formats.Track scans, user engagement rates, device used, etc.Option to extensively customize and add a logo.Ability to edit the destination content.Opting for dynamic QR Codes can unlock features such as: If you want to do more with QR Codes than just share or redirect, your best bet is to switch to paid, dynamic QR Codes. Static QR Codes have only one functionality: To redirect the end-user to the content-regardless of the type.īut, this can also limit you from engaging better with your audience, editing the content anytime, or even tracking who’s scanning your QR Code. However, a static QR Code can be limiting if you wish to do more with QR Codes. You can create a basic static QR Code on our QR Code generator in a few easy steps. What’s the difference between a Free vs Paid QR Code?įree QR Codes are great for a one-time use case. You can edit, track, customize, and try out all the features of Beconstac’s paid QR Code solution for free. This provides you with a dashboard to save the newly created QR Codes. you can signup for the no-cost, 14-day free trial. Post downloading the QR Code, you can share it offline or online. This applies to any other colors you use apart from black and white. While customizing your QR Codes, ensure that the color of the data pattern (dots that make up the majority of the QR Code) is always in contrast with the background. You can then download the static QR Code in PNG format. You can customize your free QR Code by changing the color and shape. Paste the URL of the website in the given field.ģ. The URL option is set on our QR Code generator by default. Search the website of your choice and copy the URL There are different types of content you can link to QR Codes.įor this example, let’s consider a website.ġ. Here’s how easy it is to create a free static QR Code on Beaconstac. You can also redirect users to pre-filled text messages, emails, coupons, as well as audio and images using dynamic, paid QR Codes. Choose a QR Code type from below based on your requirement: Best practices to create a free or paid QR Codeīeaconstac lets you create a free QR Code for different use cases.What’s the difference between a free vs paid QR Code?.Read ahead to learn about the different types of QR Codes and how you can create them using Beaconstac’s QR Code creator. The added bonus? You can also create dynamic QR Codes, which go a step ahead and help you do much more with QR Codes, such as tracking scans, editing them later after publishing, adding a logo, etc. If you’re checking out how QR Codes work or simply want to try it out, you can create a free static QR Code, download and share them on the go.īeaconstac’s QR Code generator lets you create a free QR Code in three easy steps- be it on mobile or desktop. You can redirect users to multiple forms of content with a quick scan on a mobile device. QR Codes make content sharing easy, economical and boost customer engagement. 2/17/2024 0 Comments Cervical spine x ray positioningCorrelation with clinical findings is necessary to establish the utility of these measurements in clinical practice.Ĭervical spine injury complicates the care of approximately 4% of patients admitted to trauma centers across the United States. The qualitative and quantitative measurements used in this study demonstrated good to excellent inter-examiner reliability. ICC values for the quantitative measurements of dens-lateral mass spacing and “step off” between the lateral borders of the C2 articular pillars and C1 lateral mass were moderate to excellent (ICC range = .56–.97). Reliability (κ) for qualitative assessments were moderate to substantial for asymmetry of neutral C2 spinous position, dens-lateral mass spacing, and “step off” between the lateral borders of the articular pillars of C2 and C1 lateral mass (κ range = .47–.78). Reliability statistics were calculated for levels of agreement using kappa coefficients (κ) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) for dichotomous and continuous variables, respectively. Measurements included qualitative and quantitative assessments of the amount of asymmetry noted between various osseous landmarks. These images were interpreted by two musculoskeletal radiologists and two clinicians (physiatrist and chiropractor), using a standard set of measurements. MethodsĬervical open-mouth lateral-bending X-ray images were collected from 56 different patients between 18 and 60 years of age patients following cervical spine injury. This study explores the reliability of radiographic measurements of lateral-bending open-mouth cervical radiographs. Unfortunately there is no established reliability surrounding the use of these measures. Frontal plane hypermobility is typically assessed using lateral bending and open mouth cervical radiographs. Sagittal plane hypermobility of the CCJ is evaluated using saggital view, flexion-extension cervical radiographs. The detection of hypermobility in this region is dependent on clinical examination and static imaging modalities such as x-ray, CT and MRI. Following head and neck trauma, the involvement of the cranio-cervical junction (CCJ) and its contribution to a patients transition to chronic pain, is poorly understood. |
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